21 Language support library [language.support]

21.2 Common definitions [support.types]

21.2.2 Header <cstdlib> synopsis [cstdlib.syn]

namespace std {
  using size_t = see below;
  using div_t = see below;
  using ldiv_t = see below;
  using lldiv_t = see below;
}

#define NULL see below
#define EXIT_FAILURE see below
#define EXIT_SUCCESS see below
#define RAND_MAX see below
#define MB_CUR_MAX see below

namespace std {
  // Exposition-only function type aliases
  extern "C" using c-atexit-handler = void();                        // exposition only
  extern "C++" using atexit-handler = void();                        // exposition only
  extern "C" using c-compare-pred = int(const void*, const void*);   // exposition only
  extern "C++" using compare-pred = int(const void*, const void*);   // exposition only

  // [support.start.term], start and termination
  [[noreturn]] void abort() noexcept;
  int atexit(c-atexit-handler* func) noexcept;
  int atexit(atexit-handler* func) noexcept;
  int at_quick_exit(c-atexit-handler* func) noexcept;
  int at_quick_exit(atexit-handler* func) noexcept;
  [[noreturn]] void exit(int status);
  [[noreturn]] void _Exit(int status) noexcept;
  [[noreturn]] void quick_exit(int status) noexcept;

  char* getenv(const char* name);
  int system(const char* string);

  // [c.malloc], C library memory allocation
  void* aligned_alloc(size_t alignment, size_t size);
  void* calloc(size_t nmemb, size_t size);
  void free(void* ptr);
  void* malloc(size_t size);
  void* realloc(void* ptr, size_t size);

  double atof(const char* nptr);
  int atoi(const char* nptr);
  long int atol(const char* nptr);
  long long int atoll(const char* nptr);
  double strtod(const char* nptr, char** endptr);
  float strtof(const char* nptr, char** endptr);
  long double strtold(const char* nptr, char** endptr);
  long int strtol(const char* nptr, char** endptr, int base);
  long long int strtoll(const char* nptr, char** endptr, int base);
  unsigned long int strtoul(const char* nptr, char** endptr, int base);
  unsigned long long int strtoull(const char* nptr, char** endptr, int base);

  // [c.mb.wcs], multibyte / wide string and character conversion functions
  int mblen(const char* s, size_t n);
  int mbtowc(wchar_t* pwc, const char* s, size_t n);
  int wctomb(char* s, wchar_t wchar);
  size_t mbstowcs(wchar_t* pwcs, const char* s, size_t n);
  size_t wcstombs(char* s, const wchar_t* pwcs, size_t n);

  // [alg.c.library], C standard library algorithms
  void* bsearch(const void* key, const void* base, size_t nmemb, size_t size,
                c-compare-pred* compar);
  void* bsearch(const void* key, const void* base, size_t nmemb, size_t size,
                compare-pred* compar);
  void qsort(void* base, size_t nmemb, size_t size, c-compare-pred* compar);
  void qsort(void* base, size_t nmemb, size_t size, compare-pred* compar);

  // [c.math.rand], low-quality random number generation
  int rand();
  void srand(unsigned int seed);

  // [c.math.abs], absolute values
  int abs(int j);
  long int abs(long int j);
  long long int abs(long long int j);
  float abs(float j);
  double abs(double j);
  long double abs(long double j);

  long int labs(long int j);
  long long int llabs(long long int j);

  div_t div(int numer, int denom);
  ldiv_t div(long int numer, long int denom);             // see [library.c]
  lldiv_t div(long long int numer, long long int denom);  // see [library.c]
  ldiv_t ldiv(long int numer, long int denom);
  lldiv_t lldiv(long long int numer, long long int denom);
}